Kuchokera ku GrammarBook
• Koma ya Oxford inalowa m'bala komwe inagona madzulo akuonera wailesi yakanema akuledzera komanso akusuta ndudu.

• Liwu losachitapo kanthu linalowa m'bala.

• Munthu wokwiya kwambiri analowa m'bala, ndipo chete chinali chochititsa mantha.

• Zizindikiro ziwiri zogwira mawu zimalowa mu "bala."

• Munthu woipa mtima alowa m'bala, akufunafuna zinthu zonse zofunika ngati mmbulu wovala zovala zotsika mtengo, akung'ung'udza mawu ofotokozera ndi kuponyera mkazi wake zinthu zonyansa, zomwe zimamupangitsa kukhala ngati granite.

• Hyperbole imaphwanya kwambiri bala lopusa ili ndipo imawononga chilichonse.

• Chizindikiro cha funso chikulowa m'bala?

• Galu wosadziwika bwino amalowa m'bala. Ngakhale akalulu amatha kuuluka ngakhale mphepo yamphamvu ikagwa.

• Papyrus ndi Comic Sans akulowa mu bala. Wogulitsa mowayo akuti, "Pepani—sitikutumikirani mtundu wanu."

• Fanizo losakanikirana likulowa m'bala, likuona cholembedwa pakhoma koma likuyembekeza kuchidula.

• Kachidutswa ka koma kalowa m'bala, kakumwa chakumwa kenako n'kuchoka.

• Ma verebu atatu osasintha mawu amalowa m'bala. Amakhala pansi. Amalankhulana. Amachoka.

• Mawu ofanana ndi amenewa akulowa m'taveni.

• Pamapeto pa tsikulo, mawu achikale amalowa m'bala—yatsopano ngati daisy, yokongola ngati batani, komanso yakuthwa ngati tack.

• Chiganizo chothamanga chikalowa m'bala chimayamba kukopana. Ndi chidutswa chaching'ono chokongola cha chiganizo.

• Mawu ophiphiritsa amalowa m'bala ndipo pamapeto pake amamenyedwa mophiphiritsa.

• Chidule chinalowa m'bala, ngakhale kuti mowa ndi chida chake choletsa kusuta.

• Munthu wodzipereka akanalowa m'bala, akanadziwa.

• Wosintha zinthu wolakwika akulowa m'bala ya munthu wokhala ndi diso lagalasi dzina lake Ralph.

• Zakale, zamakono, ndi zam'tsogolo zinalowa m'bala. Kunali kovuta.

• Munthu wodwala matenda a dyslexia walowa mu bra.

• Verebu limalowa m'malo oikira mawu, limaona dzina lokongola, ndipo limasonyeza kuti limalumikizana. Dzinalo limatsika.

• Fanizo limalowa m'bala, louma ngati chipululu.

• Kuyenda mopanda malire mu bala, kumwa mowa kuti muiwale.

• Mawu ofupikitsidwa ndi mawu osafupikitsidwa amalowa m'bala ndipo woperekera mowa amatsala pang'ono kukomoka ndi kuseka.

Pankhani ya Zizindikiro ndi Ma Grammar Geek, nthabwala izi zongolowa m'bala ndi zina mwa zoseketsa kwambiri zomwe ndawerengapo/kumvapo. Zimabwera kudzera GrammarBook.com, kuphatikizapo zina kuchokera mu gawo la ndemanga patsamba lino. Zikomo chifukwa cha kuseka kwanu, GrammarBook.

Zinthu zopangidwa ndi kusungidwa ndi GrammarBook.com.

Mwa kuwerengera kwanga, tili kumayambiriro kwa kusintha kwa mawu kwakukulu. Chabwino, mwina si "kwabwino," koma zikumveka ngati kusintha kwa mawu.

Ndiye nchiyani Kodi kusintha kwakukulu kwa ma vowel, mukufunsa? Chabwino, kunachitika ku England, kuyambira pafupifupi 1400-1700, pamene mawu a ma vowel anasintha kwambiri. Koma ZAMBIRI zidzachitika pambuyo pake.

Apano Kusintha kwa mavawelo komwe ndikunena kumakhudza katchulidwe ka zilembo A ndi E—osati mawonekedwe AATALE monga momwe zilili mu matte kapena meet, koma mawonekedwe AAFUPI, Mat or anakomana.

Kodi mwazindikira? katchulidwe ka mawu otsatirawa—ALIYENSE… AMBIRI… KODI… ANTHU… ANAKHALA… LITI… ANAPEZA? Pali ena ambiri, koma awa ndi okwanira kuti pakhale mkangano.

Ngati mumvera mosamala anthu akamalankhula, mutha kumva mawu achidulei Kodi si vowel yayitali monga momwe zilili mu iPhone koma mwachidule—monga momwe zilili Fitbit.

Umu ndi momwe zimamvekera—
• Moni. Kodi muli ndi ma donuts a INNY?
• Kodi MINNY mungakonde bwanji?
• KIN mwandipatsa khumi ndi awiri?
• Inde, ngakhale zambiri.
• Chabwino, siyani WHIN mukafika pa 100.
Kapena zikumveka motere—
• Ino ndi nthawi yoti anthu onse abwino a MIN athandize dziko lawo.

Kugwirizana kwa madera akumwera, munganene. Koma sichoncho. Mutha kumva pa TV ya dziko lonse, pa wailesi, pa ma podcasts, ndi m'mafilimu—ndipo kuchokera kwa anthu m'madera onse a dzikolo.

Ndiye nchiyani Kodi chikuchitika ndi chiyani? Fonetiki—zonse ndi za FONETIK.

Taganizirani kuchuluka kwake N'zosavuta kunena "MIN" osati "amuna" ... kapena "INNY" m'malo monena "aliyense." N'zosavuta chifukwa pakamwa sipayenera kutsegulidwa kwambiri ndipo lilime limatha kupuma bwino pakati. Mwa mawu, si ntchito yochuluka.

Tiyeni tibwererenso ku Great Vowel Shift. Palibe amene akudziwa bwino nthawi kapena komwe zinayambira ku England, kapena chifukwa chake (malingaliro ambiri), koma zotsatira zake zinali KUSINTHA KWAMBIRI kwa katchulidwe ka mavawelo.

Kawirikawiri ndi Zinakhudza mavawelo aatali. Kale BITE inkamveka ngati beet, MATE ngati maht, BOOT ngati boti—zitsanzo zitatu zokha, koma mukumvetsa lingaliro.

Masiku ano, pafupifupi 300 Patapita zaka zambiri—panthawi ya kusintha kwathu kwa ma vowel komwe sikunali kwakukulu—ndimadzifunsa ngati tikuwononga ma vowel afupi a A ndi E, makamaka akatsatiridwa ndi CONSONANT N. Ndili ndi mlandu wofanana ndi wina wokhudza kupha anthu.

Yesani kunena kuti mawu otsatirawa—omwe ndimadzipeza ndekha ndikusintha en phokoso ndi in. Nawa awa: INCOUNTER … INDEAR … INGRAVE … SANGALALANI … INLIVEN … INSUR … INVEROP (mpangidwe wa verebu) … INVIRONMENT. (Musadandaule, kalembedwe sikasintha kwenikweni, katchulidwe kokha.)

m'zinenero ali ngati zamoyo, zomwe zimasintha pakapita nthawi. Nthawi zambiri timaganiza kuti zikutanthauza kusintha kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mawu kapena kuwonjezera mawu atsopano ku dikishonale, koma amatanthauzanso katchulidwe. Chilankhulo ndi mbiri yakale, ndipo chimamveka ngati tili pakati pake.

Kugwedeza kapena kusagwedeza. Funso ndi limenelo.
Kaya ndi wolemekezeka kwambiri m'maganizo kuti avutike
ma sling ndi mivi ya mayina achilendo ...
kapena ingogwedezani peyala.

Tweet , osati yochokera kwa inu. Koma n'zoseketsa kwambiri moti tinaona kuti ndi yofunika kugawana.

Laibulale ya Pflugerville, btw, ndi yeniyeni ... monga momwe zilili tawuniyi. Koma simungapeze ku Minnesota, kapena kulikonse pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Wobegone. Pflugerville kwenikweni ili ku Texas, pafupifupi makilomita 15 kumpoto kwa Austin. Onani.

Ndiyenera kukonda alaibulale!

Iwo achoka masewera awo ... pokhapokha ngati atayika kale - chifukwa nthawi zina zimamveka ngati palibe amene akuchita ntchito yonyansa, akukopa anthu olakwika. Ndikunena za Apolisi a Grammar.

Anthu otchuka, andale, akatswiri, olemba, ngakhale anthu odzikuza New York Times — onse — akupulumuka kuphedwa mwachilankhulo.

Ic Yabwera lero. Ndi yobisika, koma ikusonyeza kuti kusamvera malamulo kwayamba kuchepa. Ndikuwerenga "lock-em-ups" ziwiri kuchokera pamene ndayamba. Tiyeni tiwerenge ndikutsegula.

Pali anthu omwe akhala akuyesera kuima pamzere kuti apeze mwayi.

1. Pali anthu
Eya"anthu" ndi ochuluka, kotero timati, "Pamenepo ndi anthu" kapena "Kumeneko're anthu." Sitinena kuti, "Anthu alipo" kapena "Anthu alipo."

1. Apo're mabuku mu laibulale. — Pali's buku patebulo.
2. Apo're mbewa kumunda. — Pali's mbewa m'nyumba.
3. Apo're anthu ambiri. — Pali's anthu ambiri.

2. Pali anthu amene
Pepani kachiwiri"anthu" ndi, chabwino ... anthu, ndipo timagwiritsa ntchito amene ponena za homo sapiens. "Icho" kapena "chomwe" chimatanthauza zinthu.

1. Munthuyo amene anandipatsa buku lakuti azakhali anga.
2. Azakhali amene anandipatsa buku lomwe ndimakonda kwambiri.
3. Anthu amene Ndawerenga bukuli ndipo ndalikonda.
4. Amenewo amene Ndasangalala kwambiri ndi bukuli ndi anzanga.

Zonsezi ndi milandu yofala. Samalani ndipo mudzayamba kuzindikira kangati mumamva mawu akuti "pali" m'malo mwa "pali" ... ndi "kuti" m'malo mwa "ndani."

Chabwino, ndiye. Tiyeni tiyesenso chiganizochi:

Pali anthu omwe akhala akuyesera kuima pamzere kuti akapeze mwayi.

Zabwino kwambiri ndi ichi (yesani kupewa kuyamba chiganizo ndi "apo"):

Anthu akhala akuyesera kuima pamzere kuti akapeze mwayi.

Tiyeni tivomerezeKomabe: kodi pali chilichonse mwa izi chomwe chili chofunikadi? Kwa ine, chili ngati misomali pa bolodi, koma pankhani yaikulu ... sindikudziwa ngati chili chofunika.

*Pepani! Nayi ina yomwe ili mkati: "Pali zotsatsa zomwe zimafunidwa ndi thandizo kulikonse." —1/11/2018

Osachita masamu (sindingathe). Koma chita galamala. (Onani kuti ndaphwanya galamala apa chifukwa ndingathe. Ndine waluso kwambiri… apolisi a galamala nthawi zonse amandipatsa chilolezo.)

Ndimakhulupirira mu galamala—malamulo ake omveka bwino—kuti ena athe kumvetsa zomwe tikuyesera kunena.

Komabe, pali lamulo limodzi la galamala lomwe liyenera kutsatiridwa: "m" mu nkhani yeniyeni ya pronoun "ndani" ... ameneyo angakhale "ndani."

M ameneyo ndi chinthu choipa komanso chodzikuza chomwe chinkagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku omwe Chilatini chinali sine qua ayi (onani "mawondo a njuchi") a chilankhulo.

Zili ngati lamulo lina lopusa loti sitingathe kumaliza chiganizo ndi mawu ofotokozera. Ndipo tonse tikudziwa zomwe ZIMENEZO zinachititsa: nthabwala yotchuka ya Winston, "ICHI NDI CHINTHU CHIMENE SINDIDZACHITE."

NDANI NDANI— Mayeso

IYI?     — Perekani mphoto kwa ALIYENSE amene akuyenerera.
Kapena imeneyi?  — Perekani mphoto kwa ALIYENSE amene akuyenera.

IYI?    — Perekani mphoto kwa omwe mukuganiza kuti ndi oyenera.
Kapena imeneyi?  — Perekani mphoto kwa anthu omwe mukuganiza kuti ndi oyenera.

Ndani/ndani amene amaonedwa kuti ndi wofunika kwambiri. Kumveka bwino kungapezeke bwino popanda chilembo chosavuta. Ndani? Ndani? Kodi n'kofunika? Tamvetsa mfundo.

Mayankho
Werengani pa ngozi yanu.

Yankho:  Perekani mphoto kwa ALIYENSE amene akuyenera. 
"Aliyense" ndi osati cholinga cha prepositional cha “ku.” M'malo mwake, ALIYENSE amene ali mutu wa chiganizo chodalira, “aliyense amene akuyenerera.” Chiganizo chonsecho ndi cholinga cha prepositional. Phew!

Yankho:  Perekani mphoto kwa omwe mukuganiza kuti ndi oyenera. 
"Ndani" ndi osati Cholinga cha “mukuganiza…ndani.” “Mukuganiza” chili m’mabulaketi…mungathe kuchichotsa konse. Choncho “ndani” chimakhala choyimira “awo” ndipo mutu wa chiganizo choyimira “amene ayenera.”

Mukuwona zomwe ine ndikutanthauza? Inki yochuluka kwambiri inatuluka pa mmosavuta m!

Malamulo a galamala, pankhaniyi, ndi opusa kwambiri. Zili ngati kukhala mlendo pa phwando la chakudya chamadzulo la EDITH WHARTON pamene mukuyesera kupeza FORK YA OYSTER… kuchokera ku FOK YA NSOMBA… kuchokera ku FORK YA SALAD… kuchokera ku FORK YA MADIZERT. Tonsefe tili ndi zinthu zabwino zoti tizida nkhawa nazo.

Kotero nayi kampeni yanga ya dziko labwino: tiyeni tiwononge zomwe zili mkati mwa ndani!

O, anthu olimba mtima a ku Indo-European ajaGulu la anthu akale limeneli, lomwe lili pafupi zaka 4,000 zapitazo m'mapiri a udzu ku Eurasia, kumpoto kwa Nyanja Yakuda ndi ya Caspian, linatipatsa chilankhulo cha Chingerezi—osati chokha wathu chilankhulo koma pafupifupi onse aku Europe ndi India.

Ndiye chilankhulocho chinakhala bwanji Kodi mtundu wa abusa oyendayenda womwe unayamba kulamulira dera lalikulu chonchi? Yankho lake ndi akavalo—ndi kusintha kwa majini a anthu.



Mapu olembedwa ndi Louis Henwood a Mbiri ya Podcast ya Chingerezi

Mahatchi anali achikhalidwe ku madera a udzu aku Europe, ndipo anthu aku Indo-European ankawagwiritsa ntchito ngati nyama—poyamba. Koma munthu wina wanzeru (komanso wolimba mtima) anaganiza kuti akavalo akhoza kukwera ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito poweta nkhosa ndi ng'ombe. Atakwera pamahatchi, anthu aku Indo-European anapeza kuti amatha kulera ndi kulamulira magulu akuluakulu ndi akuluakulu a ziweto.

Mzimu wina wowala unazindikira kuti m'malo mopha mbuzi kapena nkhosa zambiri kuti adye, akanatha kusunga zina ndikugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wawo. Mwamwayi, lingaliro limenelo linagwirizana ndi kufalikira kwa jini yolakwika—kusintha komwe kunapanga lactase, enzyme yomwe imathandiza anthu kugaya mkaka.

Motero, ziwetozo zinakula—monga momwe anthu a mafuko anachitira, omwe anakula ndi kukula. Kuchuluka kwa ziweto ndi anthu kunapangitsa kuti pakhale malo ambiri oti anthu azisowa —ndipo motero anayamba ulendo wopita kummawa ku India ndi kumadzulo ku Ulaya.


Mapu olembedwa ndi Louis Henwood a Mbiri ya Podcast ya Chingerezi

Ndipo ngati inu Kodi anali kuwalepheretsa? Eya, anali ndi akavalo—ndipo inu simunali—kotero mutha kuganiza kuti ndani analandira dzikolo. Komabe, akatswiri a mbiri yakale sakudziwa momwe mafuko a ku Indo-Europe analiri ankhondo ngati ankhondo, kaya nthawi zonse ankagonjetsa kapena nthawi zina amakhala mwamtendere. Mwina onse awiri.

Komabe zinachitika, A Indo-European anayamba kulamulira anthu okhala m'maiko awo atsopano. Chilankhulo chawo chinapitirira kufalikira kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwa zaka zikwi zambiri ndi makilomita zikwizikwi, kusintha kukhala zilankhulo zosiyana ... ndipo pamapeto pake kukhala zilankhulo zosiyana, kuphatikizapo zilankhulo zoyambirira za Chijeremani, kholo lathu.

Izi zikutanthauza chiyani, Chodabwitsa n'chakuti masiku ano pafupifupi 50% ya anthu padziko lonse amalankhula chilankhulo chochokera ku Indo-European—3 biliyoni—onsefe timachokera ku fuko lakale la abusa oyendayenda!

* izi—ndi zina zambiri—zikupezeka pa podcast yabwino kwambiri ya Kevin Stroud, Mbiri ya Podcast ya Chingerezi. Chonde tengani sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri (kapena mwezi umodzi kapena ziwiri) kuti mumvetsere magawo ake opitilira 50. Stroud ndi wowonetsa nkhani wodabwitsa kwambiri ndipo wapanga mbiri yosangalatsa komanso yatsatanetsatane ya chifukwa chake chilankhulo chathu chopusa, Chingerezi, chili momwe chilili. Ngati mumakonda mbiri yakale ndi Chingerezi, mudzakhala okonda kwambiri. Ine ndine wokonda.

Onaninso mamapu okongola omwe Stroud amagwiritsa ntchito—awiri mwa iwo ali pano. Anapangidwira iye ndi Louis Henwood. Zikomo kwa Kevin ndi Louis chifukwa cha chilolezo chawo chowagwiritsa ntchito.

Aah, yang'anani Semiramis tsopano—ali wokondwa kwambiri tsopano chifukwa chakuti mwapita patsogolo pang'ono pa luso lanu la semicolon.

Kuti mundikumbutsenso Pitani pansi kupita ku positi yapitayi. Kumbukirani: mfundo yaikulu ya semicolon ndi yakuti imagwirizanitsa ziganizo ziwiri popanda pogwiritsa ntchito koma ndi cholumikizira (ndipo, koma, kapena, kotero, chifukwa cha kapena, komabe).

Mu phunziro lathu lomaliza, tikugwiritsa ntchito ma semicolons ndi mawu olumikizirana - mawu ngati komabe, chifukwa chake, kapena komabeAmatchedwa mawu olumikizirana a ADVERBIAL.

—Ma semicolon ndi ma adverbial conjunctions—

N’chifukwa chiyani mumagwiritsa ntchito semicolon?
Kumbukirani: semicolon imagwirizanitsa ziganizo ziwiri zofanana.
Taganizirani izi ngati kuphatikiza kwa peridi ndi koma. Onani kuti chizindikirocho chili ndi chimodzi mwa zonsezi—pamwamba ndi pansi. 

Kodi cholumikizira ndi chiyani?
Cholumikizira ndi liwu lomwe "limagwirizanitsa," kapena kulumikiza, ziganizo ziwiri zathunthu. Zolumikizira zokhazikika—ndipo, koma, kotero, chifukwa kapena, kapena, komabe—amafuna KOMMA asanayambe kulumikiza.

Chitsanzo: Galu anabangula , ndi mphaka anafuula.
Chitsanzo: Galu anabangula , koma mphaka anaima chilili.
Chitsanzo: Galu anabangula , so mphaka anathamanga.

Kodi cholumikizira cha adverbial n'chiyani?
Monga zolumikizira zachizolowezi, mawu olumikizirana a adverbial gwirizanitsani ziganizo ziwiri zonse—koma ndi SEMICOLON isanafike ndi KOMMA pambuyo pake. Ndi "ziganizo" chifukwa zimafotokoza bwino momwe chiganizo chachiwiri chikugwirizanirana ndi choyamba—momwemonso ziganizo zimafotokozera maverebu. Mukukumbukira ziganizo?

-> Anadya. Anadya bwanji? Anadya PANG'ONO.
-> Anayimba. Anayimba bwanji? Anayimba mokweza.

Mau ogwirizanitsa mawu ofala kwambiri

komanso	Komabe	Komabe
mwinamwake	poyeneradi	Komabe
motero	m'malo mwake	tsopano
potsiriza	chimodzimodzi	mwinamwake
patsogolo	panthawiyi	ndiye
Komanso	komanso	choncho

Zitsanzo—

• Kunali kozizira kwambiri kuti asangalale ndi masewerawa ; komabe , adaganiza zopitabe.

Cholumikizira cha adverb "komabe" chimasonyeza kuti gawo lachiwiri la chiganizocho lili OPITIRANA ndi gawo loyamba. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito... komabe kapena komabe kapena komabe.

__________

• Kunali kozizira kwambiri moti sanathe kusangalala ndi masewerawa ; choncho , anaganiza zoti asapite.

Cholumikizira cha adverb "chifukwa chake" chimasonyeza kuti gawo lachiwiri la chiganizo ndi ZOTSATIRA za gawo loyamba. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito... monga zotsatira zake kapena chifukwa chake.

__________

• Kunali kozizira kwambiri kuti asangalale ndi masewerawa ; komanso , sanamve bwino.

Cholumikizira cha adverbial "kupitirira apo" chimasonyeza kuti gawo lachiwiri la chiganizo ndi CHOWONJEZERA ku gawo loyamba. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito... komanso kapena kuwonjezera apo.

__________

• Kunali kozizira kwambiri kuti asangalale ndi masewerawa ; m'malo mwake , anapita ku laibulale.

Cholumikizira cha adverbial "m'malo mwake" chikusonyeza kuti gawo lachiwiri la chiganizo ndi CHOSIYANA ku gawo loyamba. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito... m'malo mwake.

Chenjezo
Musasokoneze mawu olumikizirana a adverbial akagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma ADVERBS okhwima. Onani kuti m'ziganizo zotsatirazi asinthidwa ndi ma COMMAS. Palibe semicolon yomwe ikuwoneka.

• Kunali kozizira kwambiri, Komabe, pamasewerawa.
• Komabe, kunali kozizira kwambiri pamasewerawa.

"Komabe" imagwira ntchito ngati ADVERB—osati adverbial conjunction—chifukwa pali chiganizo chimodzi chokha apa (S + V): "Chinali"...

__________

• Iye sanatero, choncho, ndikufuna kupita ku masewerawa.
•Chifukwa chake, sankafuna kupita ku masewerawa.

"Chifukwa chake" imagwira ntchito ngati CHILEMBEDWE - osati cholumikizira cha adverb - chifukwa pali chiganizo chimodzi chokha apa (S + V): "Iye sanafune"...

__________

• Komanso , sanamve bwino.

"Kuphatikiza apo" imagwira ntchito ngati CHILEMBEDWE—osati cholumikizira cha adverb—chifukwa pali chiganizo chimodzi chokha apa (S + V): "Iye (sanamve)"...

Anthu...! Vuto lanu ndi chiyani? Anthu ambiri sanamvetsepo zambiri zokhudza SQUIGGLE patsamba.

Kumanani ndi Semiramis, mfumukazi yankhondo ya Asuri, wolamulira wa theka la koloni. Ali pano kuti AKUTHANDIZENI. Simudzamukana.

Khalani ndi chikhulupiriro. Ndi malangizo pang'ono, inunso mutha kudziwa bwino SEMICOLON—zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mutha kuvala chovalacho ndikukhala ndi dzina lakuti "Semiramis of the Semicolon." (Mkondo sunaphatikizidwe.)

     —Maselo a Semicoloni—

N’chifukwa chiyani mumagwiritsa ntchito semicolon?
Semicolon imagwirizanitsa ziganizo ziwiri.
Taganizirani izi ngati kuphatikiza kwa peridi ndi koma. Onani kuti chizindikirocho chili ndi chimodzi mwa zonsezi—pamwamba ndi pansi. 

Bwanji osagwiritsa ntchito koma?
Koma ndi yofooka kwambiri yolemera makilogalamu 90. Ndi yofooka kwambiri Sizingagwirizanitse ziganizo ziwiri.
Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito imodzi, mudzakhala ndi vuto lalikulu.

Bwanji osagwiritsa ntchito nthawi?
Mukhoza. Gwiritsani ntchito peridi pomaliza chiganizo choyamba. Kenako yambani chiganizo chachiwiri.

Koma ndi yofooka kwambiri . Siingathe kulumikiza ziganizo ziwiri pamodzi.

Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito semicolon liti?
Nthawi zina mungafune kulumikiza malingaliro—ziganizo ziwiri zogwirizana. Pankhaniyi mungagwiritse ntchito semicolon.

Koma ndi yofooka kwambiri ; Sizingagwirizanitse ziganizo ziwiri.
Semicolon ndi yamphamvu ; it mungathe gwirani ziganizo ziwiri pamodzi.

Kodi chiganizo ndi chiyani?
Chiganizo ndi lingaliro lathunthu. Nthawi imasonyeza kutha kwa lingaliro limenelo. Semicolon ingathe kuwonjezera lingaliro—polilumikiza ndi lina zonse koma zokhudzana nazo kuganiza.


Kumbukirani-
Muyenera kukhala ndi ziganizo ziwiri zathunthu kuti mugwiritse ntchito semicolon —  S + V kumanzere  ;   S + V kumanja.

Mwachitsanzo—muli ndi malingaliro awiri (ofanana)...
ntchito 2 ziganizo -> ndi nthawi:
    • Kunali kozizira kwambiri moti sindikanatha kusangalala ndi masewerawa . Iye anaganiza zoti asapite.

ntchito 1 chigamulo -> ndi semicolon:
    • Kunali kozizira kwambiri moti sindikanatha kusangalala ndi masewerawa ; Iye anaganiza zoti asapite.
                                             ________________

Mwachitsanzo—muli ndi malingaliro awiri (ofanana)...
ntchito 2 ziganizo -> ndi nthawi:
    • Kunali kozizira kwambiri moti sindikanatha kusangalala ndi masewerawa . Komabe, anaganiza zopitabe.

ntchito 1 chigamulo -> ndi semicolon:
    • Kunali kozizira kwambiri moti sitikanatha kusangalala ndi masewerawa ; Komabe, anaganiza zopitabe.

Simukufuna muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito semicolon kuti muphatikize ziganizo ziwiri. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito cholumikizira choyambira — ndipo, koma, kotero, chifukwa, kapena, ayi, komabe — nthawi zonse (nthawi zonse, nthawi zonse) yokhala ndi koma.
    • Kunali kozizira kwambiri moti sindikanatha kusangalala ndi masewerawa , so Iye anaganiza zoti asapite.
    • Kunali kozizira kwambiri moti sitikanatha kusangalala ndi masewerawa , koma Iye anaganiza zopitabe.
    • Kunali kozizira kwambiri moti sindikanatha kusangalala ndi masewerawa , ndi Iye sankafuna kupita.

Si chinsinsi Chingerezi n'chovuta kuphunzira. Zina mwa izo zikugwirizana ndi ma homophone ndi ma heterophone. Tasangalala kale ndi mawu omwe amamveka mofanana koma ali ndi malembedwe ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana.-mafilimu, ngati wopanda kanthu ndi chimbalangondo.

Nthawiyi tili ndi maheterofoni- amadziwikanso kuti mayina ofanana—mawu ofanana koma ali ndi matanthauzo ndi matchulidwe osiyanasiyana.

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥?
     —Maheterofoni—

1. Clara bala bandeji yozungulira iye bala.
   
   
2. aliyense nambala imapangitsa malingaliro anga kukula nambala.
   
   
3. Malo otayira zinyalala adzaza. Pepani, tiyenera kukana lanu kukana.
   
   
4. Musatero chipululu ine mu chipululu.
   
   
5. Atadabwa, nkhunda ya nkhunda m'tchire.
   
   
6. Ndi zoyipa, koma sinditero chinthu ku ku chinthu.
   
   
7. Palibe nthawi ngati panopa ku panopa lingaliro labwino.
   
   
8. Opalasa anali ndi mzere za momwe mzere.
   
   
9. Iyenso anali pafupi ku pafupi ndi ndi.
   
   
10. Ndalama yokongola amachita ngati wake amachita.

Pali mawu ambiri awiri okhala ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana. Ena amalembedwa mofanana koma amamveka mosiyana (chipululu/chipululu) ... ena amamveka mofanana koma amalembedwa mosiyana (ore/oar/kapena). Yesani ochepa nokha. Ndi masewera osangalatsa a makalabu a mabuku ... kapena akatswiri aliwonse a mawu.

Onetsani zanu Wanzeru ndi kabuku aka ka nkhani zongopeka—kapitonym, mawu omwe amalembedwa mofanana, amatchulidwa chimodzimodzi, koma tanthauzo lake limasintha ngati chilembo choyamba chalembedwa ndi zilembo zazikulu. Monga Marichi ndi Marichi.

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥?
—Mawu ofotokozera—

Ionic Zofanana ndi Ionia, dera la Greece Yakale, monga momwe zilili m'mizere ya Ionic.	ionic Zokhudzana ndi ayoni ya mankhwala (atomu yokhala ndi nambala yosalingana ya ma protoni ndi ma elekitironi)
Job Munthu wa m'Baibulo amene amakumana ndi mavuto aakulu.	ntchito Ntchito, kapena ntchito, yomwe nthawi zambiri munthu amalandira malipiro ake.
mulole Mwezi wachisanu wa chaka cha kalendala.	mulole Verebu lothandizira lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza chilolezo kapena kuthekera.
wosakwiya Kwa Akristu nthawi ya pakati pa Phulusa Lachitatu ndi Isitala Lamlungu	alipira Nthawi yakale ya verebu imatanthauza kupereka chinthu kwa munthu wina kwa kanthawi.
Polish Zokhudzana ndi Poland, anthu ake, dziko lake, kapena chikhalidwe chake.	osalala Kupatsa pamwamba pa chinthu kuwala kowala.
Sikochi Zokhudzana ndi Scotland ku UK, anthu ake, dziko lake, kapena chikhalidwe chake.	Sikochi wapa Kuthetsa chinthu china, nthawi zambiri mphekesera, lingaliro, kapena dongosolo.
nkhukundembo Dziko lomwe lili m'chigawo cha Mediterranean.	nkhukundembo Nkhuku yaikulu ya ku America idya pa Thanksgiving.
Welsh Zokhudzana ndi Wales ku UK, anthu ake, dziko lake, kapena chikhalidwe chake.	Welsh Kubwerera m'mbuyo pa mgwirizano

mu Thupi la 30 Nkhaniyi, Jenna amasewera mufilimu, koma palibe amene akupeza mutu wakuti—"Rural Juror." Jenna amapitilizabe kuitcha kuti "rurur jurur," mawu oseketsa, omwe anandipangitsa kufuna kuyesa ena anga—Kutopa ndi nkhawa ... Cholakwika cha Muvi ... Kuopa Mkwiyo...

Chabwino, ayi zoseketsa ngati za Jenna, koma Tiny Fey sakulemba blog iyi. Komabe, zinandipangitsa kuganizira za kalankhulidwe, njira yovuta yomwe imadalira momwe timapangira mkamwa mwathu wolimba komanso wofewa, kutsegula ma glotti athu, kusuntha lilime lathu, kupanga milomo yathu—ndi dongosolo lomwe timachitira zonse.

Timachita masewera olimbitsa thupi awa mosavuta m'zilankhulo zathu, pafupifupi mwachibadwa, chifukwa takhala tikuchita izi kuyambira tili ana. Ndipo ndicho chimene chimapangitsa kuti zopotokola lilime zikhale zosangalatsa kwambiri: zimasokoneza luso lathu lochita zinthu zomwe timachita nthawi zonse. Kugulitsa zipolopolo za m'nyanja, zokometsera za Peter Piper, ndi matabwa akung'ung'udza. Zineneni mwachangu ndipo mumapunthwa—chifukwa simungathe kusuntha lilime lanu pamalo oyenera mwachangu mokwanira.

Nkhani yomwe ndimakonda kwambiri pa nkhani ya chilankhulo si yongobwerezabwereza mawu, koma ili pafupi kwambiri moti yasintha momwe timalankhulira mawu amodzi kapena awiri.

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥?
—Bingu—

Chingelezi chakale cha mawu akuti thunder chinali thunner—liwu losasangalatsa chifukwa cha mawu ake achi phonetic. Nenani mwachangu...ndipo mudzadziwa chifukwa chake "d" inalowa. Likugwirizana ndi kulakwitsa pang'ono—pamene tikusuntha lilime lathu kuchoka pa "n" kupita ku "r," akutero katswiri wa zilankhulo Charles Barber.

Kusintha kumeneku kumafuna kuti ziwalo zolankhulira ziyende kawiri nthawi imodzi: (1) mphuno zimatsekedwa mwa kukweza mkamwa wofewa, ndipo (2) lilime limachotsedwa m'mano kuti litsegule njira yolowera mkamwa. [Ngati pali cholakwika], ngati ... mphuno zimatsekedwa lirime lisanasunthe, "d" idzamveka ....

Kotero "d" linayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa linali losavuta kunena.dChilankhulochi chinayamba kuonekera m'zaka za m'ma 1300, koma chinatenga zina 300 chisanavomerezedwe ngati Chingerezi chokhazikika.

Thimble ndi bramble ndi mawu ena awiri omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kulakwitsa kwa mawu kofanana, akutero Barber. Onse awiri adapeza chilembo chapakati "b."

Mapeto a phunziro, kumapeto kwa positi ya blog...kupatulapo kunena za Charles Barber's Chilankhulo cha Chingerezi: Chiyambi cha Mbiri Yakale, Cambridge UP, 2000, tsamba 45.

Mnzanga Gordon anafikanso ndi mawu osangalatsa kwambiri—nthawi ino mawu a JANUS.

Ndi mwezi wa Januwale, womwe unatchedwa dzina la mulungu wachiroma Janus—yemwe anayang'ana kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo, akuyang'ana zakale ndi zam'tsogolo. Kotero uwu ndi mwezi wabwino kwambiri woyambitsa mawu opusa awa.

Mawu a Janus ndi mawu otsutsana okha, kapena otsutsana. Amalembedwa ndi kutchulidwa mofanana koma ali ndi matanthauzo OIPANA.

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥?

Dulani -- kumamatirana; kudula pakati
Chidutswa — kugwirira pamodzi; kudula
mwambo — mwachizolowezi; wapadera
Fumbi — kuchotsa fumbi; kuwaza pang'ono
Mwachangu — kugwiridwa bwino pamalo pake; kuyenda mwachangu
Kuyang'anira — kuyang'anira mosamala; osazindikira
Quantum — kakang'ono, mu fizikisi; lalikulu kwambiri, monga mu "kudumpha"
Chilango — kuvomereza; chilango
mtima - kuuma; kufewetsa

Izi ndi zazing'ono chabe. Pali zina zambiri.

Chingerezi—ndi chilankhulo chabwino kwambiri kuti musangalale nayo! Nayi nkhani yopusa ya galamala yomwe sindingathe kuifotokoza ... kupatula kuti ndi yopanda tanthauzo. Komabe, malamulo ndi malamulo - ndipo malamulo ayenera kutsatiridwa.

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥?

Mutha kunena
Tengani zinyalala kunja. —kapena—  Tengani kunja zinyalala.
Ndipo munganene
Tengani it kunja. —koma osati— Chotsani it.
___________

Mutha kunena
Butter mayi up. —kapena—  Botolo pamwamba Amayi.
Ndipo munganene
Butter pano up. —koma osati— Botolo pamwamba pano.
___________

Mutha kunena
Poyankha magetsi on. —kapena—  Yatsani magetsi.
Ndipo munganene
Poyankha iwo on. —koma osati— Yatsani iwo.
  

Maverebu ndi ma adverb oyambitsa - mungaganize kuti ali ngati maverebu osatha - kukhala kapena kusakhala - simuyenera kugawa chimodzi mwa izo. Ndikutanthauza "simuyenera kugawa chimodzi ." (Koma tonsefe timachita.)

Koma mawu ofotokozera zinthu (pre-adverbs) ndi osiyana ndi mawu osaphiphiritsa ( infinitives ) . Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito pronoun, muyenera kuwagawa ”—osati “ kuwagawa .” Zachilendo.

Ndi zodabwitsa aliyense amaphunzira Chingerezi.

English—ndi chilankhulo chabwino kwambiri chosangalalira nacho! Pansipa pali mawu opusa opotoza lilime. Ndi chinthu chopusa kwambiri mukachinena mwachangu.

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥?

magulu | gawo | kugonana | kupewa

Magulu achipembedzo amapewa kugonana mu izi gawo.

Zovuta kwambiri ...
mu izi gawo, magulu pewani kugonana.

Ndine mkazi wamkulu — ndipo izi ndi zomwe ndimachita kuti ndipeze zofunika pa moyo. Khalani omasuka kulowa nawo mu chisangalalochi. Siyani ndemanga. Kodi mungaganize chilichonse? Taganizirani izi ngati masewera olimbitsa ubongo.

Chingerezi—ndi chilankhulo chabwino kwambiri chosangalalira nacho! Nayi nkhani yoseketsa yomwe inakhudza mwamuna wanga Pete—munthu wodziwa manambala, amene amasangalala ndi chilankhulocho.

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥?

Munganene kuti…
izi ndi kudya bwino. —kapena— Izi ndi kudya bwino.

Koma SUngathe kunena...
 izi ndi kudya bwino. —kapena— Izi ndi kudya bwino.

Chifukwa chiyani?

Yankho:  Ziganizo ziwiri zapamwamba zikuoneka zofanana tanthauzo; chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti “chabwino” ndi “chabwino” mosinthana ... koma sitiyenera kutero.

Kwenikweni ziganizozo zili ndi matanthauzo osiyana pang'ono, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi momwe mawu oti "kudya" amagwirira ntchito komanso kusiyana pakati pa ma adjective ndi ma adverb.

• Kudya bwino uku  = chakudyacho n'chokoma.
  "Kudya" ndi dzina.
   Chabwino ndi mawu ofotokozera ndipo amatsogolera dzina—monga m’buku labwino.

• Uku ndi kudya bwino =  Chakudyacho ndi chopatsa thanzi ... kapena chokwera mtengo komanso chapamwamba.
  "Kodi kudya" ndi verebu...monga mu "Ichi (chinthu chomwe ndimachita) ndi kudya bwino."
   Chabwino ndi adverb ndipo imatsatira verebu.

Zambiri kwambiri Malamulo osavuta a galamala. Kodi n'zodabwitsa kuti pali amene amaphunzirapo?

English—ndi chilankhulo chabwino kwambiri chosangalalira nacho! Pansipa pali ma homophone angapo, mawu omwe amamveka mofanana koma ali ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi zambiri amalembedwa (ndikudziwa kuti pali ufulu wochepa womwe watengedwa). Zikomo chifukwa cha ichi kwa mnzanga wokondedwa Gordon Higgins.

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥?

gnu | ankadziwa | chatsopano | nu

Atagwidwa ndi kutaya mtima,
gnu watsopano ankadziwa he Ankadziwa nada za nu.

Translation: Nyumbu yaing'onoyo inazindikira kuti sinamvetse chilembo cha Chigiriki N.

English—ndi chilankhulo chabwino kwambiri chosangalalira nacho! Pansipa pali ma homophone, mawu omwe amamveka mofanana koma ali ndi matanthauzo osiyana. (Ndatenga ufulu pang'ono apa.) Zikomo kwa Gordon Higgins. Ndi wanzeru kwambiri.

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥?

Anavala zovala ziwiri zoti asamavine.

awiri | nawonso | tutu | ku

Ndi zomwe Ine ndimachita zinthu zopezera ndalama. Zachisoni kwambiri. Komabe, ndikuyembekeza kuti mudzalowa nawo mu zosangalatsazi. Izi ndi zanga. Kodi mungapeze ena ... kapena kubwera ndi anu? Ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi abwino a ubongo - moona mtima.

Slough—liwu labwino kwambiri, ndipo landithandiza kufunafuna dikishonale kwa zaka zambiri. Vuto ndilakuti, lili ndi matchulidwe anayi osiyanasiyana . . . pamodzi ndi matanthauzo 6 osiyanasiyana, ndipo sindingathe kuwalongosola molunjika. Slough ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha dzina losiyana.

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥?

Slough — pamene zikumveka ngati ...

akuchedwa,
ndi matope kapena dambo kapena...
kutaya mtima (monga momwe zilili mu Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress)

kupha,
ndi ngalande yothira madzi kapena ngalande yotulutsira madzi

Sl-how . . . (kapena slouch, kuchotsa ch)
ndi tawuni pafupi ndi Liverpool, England

matope,
ndi khungu (monga momwe zilili ndi njoka)
ndi verebu: kutaya, kutaya

—Chabwino, onani momwe zimakhalira mwachangu
mungathe kudutsa izi—

Iye anaganiza, njoka yosauka ija, mokhumudwa kwambiri kuti atuluke m’chigwa chake m’chigwa pafupi ndi chigwa chakunja kwa chigwacho.

Umu ndi momwe zimamvekera…

Iye anaganiza, njoka yosauka ija, mokhumudwa pang'ono kuti atuluke mu sluff yake yomwe inali pafupi ndi kunja kwa Sl-how

Chabwino...ndi momwe ndimakhalira masiku anga. Kodi mumathera bwanji nthawi yanu? Kodi muli ndi mawu abwino? Chonde lowani nafe mu chisangalalo mwa kutisiyira ndemanga.

English—ndi chilankhulo chabwino kwambiri chosangalalira nacho! Pansipa pali ma homophone, mawu omwe amamveka mofanana koma ali ndi matanthauzo osiyana. (Ndipo, inde, ndatenga ufulu pang'ono.)

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥? 

ndikufuna | kufuna | kufuna | sakufuna | sakufuna | wonton

My adazolowera palibe kufuna kukhala waulesi -
Ine basi ndikufuna a wonton.  Ndikufuna imodzi?

Translation:
Nthawi zambiri sindimakhala watsopano; ndikungofuna wonton yokazinga.

Izi ndi zanga.  Onani ngati mungapeze ena ... kapena bwerani ndi anu. Iyi ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi abwino a ubongo - choncho musazengereze kusewera nawo!

English—ndi chilankhulo chabwino kwambiri chosangalalira nacho! Pansipa pali ma homophone, mawu omwe amamveka mofanana koma ali ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi zambiri malembedwe ake ndi osiyana.

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥?

pachimake | peek | peke | pique

Anamukankha peke kuchokera zokumbira pamene iye anatenga
Mwamsanga peek zisanachitike nsonga.

Translation:
Anamenya galu wake mokwiya pamene anayang'ana uvuni
kuti ndione ngati souffle yake, uh...yakwera.

Chabwino. Ndabwera ndi izi. Tiuzeni ngati mungathe kupeza zina ... kapena bwerani ndi zanu. Siyani ndemanga.

Kodi wina aliyense Kuphunzira kulankhula ndi kulemba Chingerezi ndi chinsinsi. Pansipa pali mawu ofala omwe amasokoneza aliyense—mwana kapena wamkulu—yemwe akuyesera kuphunzira chilankhulo chodabwitsachi.

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥? 

If Ng'ombe nyimbo ndi nthambi
sayenera Ng'ombe nyimbo ndi chifuwa?

If mtanda nyimbo ndi Kuseka
sayenera mtanda nyimbo ndi Mwana wamkazi?

If hoe nyimbo ndi ku
sayenera hoe nyimbo ndi nsapato?

If anaponya zikumveka ngati kudzera
sayenera anaponya nyimbo ndi akhakula?

If layimu nyimbo ndi kukwera
sayenera layimu nyimbo ndi mwendo?

Malembo osasinthasintha awa chinali chokhudzana ndi chitukuko cha chilankhulo cha Chingerezi—chomwe sichinali “Chingerezi” kwenikweni ndipo sichinali chilankhulo chenicheni. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa ulamuliro wa Aroma, Abritishi akale ankalankhula zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana za Chijeremani ndi Chinorse, komanso Chifalansa ndi Chilatini zomwe zinkaphatikizidwa ndi anthu apamwamba.

Chilankhulocho chinasintha mosalekeza mpaka m'zaka za m'ma 15, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti pakhale chisokonezo chachikulu moti anthu ochokera mbali ina ya England sankatha kumvetsa chilankhulo cha mbali ina.

Anali William Claxton, wosindikiza wa pakati pa zaka za m'ma 15, yemwe anayamba kulumikiza ndi kuyika Chingelezi cha "makono" chomwe panthawiyo chinali chofanana. Koma anayamba molawirira kwambiri—ukadaulo wosindikiza unalimbitsa chilankhulocho asanayambe mavuto onse. Motero, chifuwa cha nthambi ya ng'ombe chinasokonekera.

English—ndi chilankhulo chabwino kwambiri chosangalalira nacho! Pansipa pali ma homophone, mawu omwe amamveka mofanana koma ali ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi zambiri malembedwe osiyanasiyana. (Ndipo, inde, ndatenga ufulu pang'ono.)

Kodi Simumangonena Mawu ♥?

mpweya | ayre | pano | e're | err | wolowa m'malo 

If ndi inali nthawi ya wolowa m'malo kuti mutenge mpweya,
Ere he zolakwika mwa ake ayi, tsopano.

Translation
Ino ndi nthawi yoti mupume mpweya musanapite
Iye walakwitsa mu nyimboyo.

Khalani omasuka kusewera nanu. Awa ndi anga, choncho onani ngati mungapeze ena ... kapena bwerani ndi ma homophone anuanu. Ndi masewera olimbitsa ubongo abwino.